Strategi Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa dalam Pandangan Teori Tingkatan Kebutuhan Abraham Maslow

Abstract

Maslow's theory explains that humans have five levels of needs, ranging from physiological needs to self-actualization. This hierarchy indicates that basic needs must first be fulfilled before an individual can meet higher-level needs. In the context of education, this theory is used to understand the elements that motivate students to learn. Maslow's theory, known as the Hierarchy of Needs, includes five levels of needs: physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, and self-actualization. Understanding these stages helps teachers identify and address students' needs to motivate them in the learning process. For instance, students need to feel physically comfortable and safe before they can focus on learning, while social and esteem needs can be met through harmonious relationships and recognition of their achievements. This study analyzes the application of Maslow's theory in enhancing students' learning motivation using a qualitative approach based on literature reviews from textbooks and journals. The findings indicate that the application of Maslow's theory not only enhances learning motivation but also fosters the achievement of learning objectives and supports the attainment of national educational goals by contributing to the holistic development of students.